Distinction Between State and Government - 1788 Words

Introduction The state and government are distinguished in terms of functions, structures, duties, composition and the nature of their powers. The state is permanent, whilst government changes, altered or modified and even overthrown. The state employs bureaucrats who employed based on merit and who are politically neutral to conduct its business whilst government consists of elected officials who represent partisan sympathies. The state is more extensive than the government. The state is characterized by state institutions, exercise of legitimacy, territorial association and sovereignty whilst government is composed of three arms namely legislature, executive and judiciary. However the state and government are interrelated as the†¦show more content†¦On the other hand the government has power to make laws for the state even without the consent of the people thus it has absolute and final legal authority over all matters and is not subject to any power outside itself according to Khan an d mc Niven (1999:29). For example laws such as Public order Security Act (POSA) enforced by the government without seeking the consent of the people. Therefore, state and government are different in terms of the nature of their powers as each has its own specific powers different from the other. Nevertheless, state and government are differentiated as the state is characterized by sovereignty, state institutions, legitimacy and territorial association whilst government is characterized by the three arms namely legislature, executive and judiciary respectively. According to Heywood (2000:39), contends through sovereignty the state exercises absolute and unrestricted power in that it stands above all other associations and groups in society. Hobbes for this reason portrayed the state as a â€Å"Leviathian† a gigantic monster. State institutions are recognizably â€Å"public† in contrast to the private institutions of civil society. The state bodies are responsible for making and enforcing collective decisions in society and are funded ate the public expense. For example in Zimbabwe the police, army and courts are funded by the state for them to function fully. Due to legitimacy state decisions are usually accepted as binding on theShow MoreRelatedDistinction Betw een State and Government1773 Words   |  8 PagesIntroduction The state and government are distinguished in terms of functions, structures, duties, composition and the nature of their powers. The state is permanent, whilst government changes, altered or modified and even overthrown. The state employs bureaucrats who employed based on merit and who are politically neutral to conduct its business whilst government consists of elected officials who represent partisan sympathies. The state is more extensive than the government. The state is characterizedRead MoreComparing Schmitt s And Arendt s Theory Of The Political1260 Words   |  6 Pagesfrantic shared thoughts of democracy; an organized state can arguably be ruled by only one end of the spectrum. To conceptualize this view, philosophers Schmitt and Arendt present their interpretations on the political. The central thesis to my paper is then, to present both Schmitt’s and Arendt’s concept of the political and discern which is the most viable from of governing. Schmitt’s s tructure of the political rest in the friend-enemy distinction dictated by the sovereign. Opposite his view is ArendtRead MoreDifference Between Parliamentary And Presidential Democracy1013 Words   |  5 Pageselected in different branches of their respective government, lose their power dissimilarly, and hold clear distinctions between the head of government and the head of state. First and foremost, the two classifications of democracy, presidential and parliamentary, most substantial and crucial distinction is that the president of a presidential democracy is an elected individual voted into the executive branch of government directly by the citizens of the state, however, the prime minister of a parliamentaryRead MoreCompare And Contrast Thomas Paine And The Era Of Enlightenment920 Words   |  4 Pagesof the readings covered , was the topic of society and government, to the extent of what is society and government? do we really need Government, is it essential to the human society or existence? Or is it just a construct to protect us from ourselves? After reading Both Thomas paine’s: common sense and The Social Contract I noticed that both of these pieces of text touched on the subjects of society and government and the distinctions between them as well as the effect they have on culture and theRead MoreThe Declaration Of Independence And The Unit ed States Government Essay1582 Words   |  7 Pagesroles that the United States government undertakes, and principle among these roles is the role of protector. The United States government (hereafter referred to as â€Å"government†) is charged with protecting its citizens from dangers, both foreign and domestic. The Declaration of Independence is the first to highlight the government’s role as protector by stating that all people have the right to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness, and â€Å"to secure these rights, Governments are instituted amongRead MoreKant s Views On Freedom Essay1302 Words   |  6 PagesKant’s An Answer to the Question: What is Enlightenment? Firstly, I will state the views that I held on freedom before I read the text, framing them within a political context by labelling myself as a civil libertarian and explaining what that means. Subsequently, I will provide my interpretation of Kant’s views on freedom through the â€Å"positive† and â€Å"negative† senses and how, for Kant, that there ought to be a distinction between the â€Å"public† and â€Å"private† use of reason, as it constitutes a necessaryRead MoreNeil Macdonalds Article On The Issue With Canadian Politics1426 Words   |  6 PagesCanadian politics is strategically creating an invisible barrier between Muslims and Canadians. I will first start off with a brief summary of the article followed by how Edward Said and Jasmine Zine discuss what is currently happening with the niqab. Summary: In MacDonald’s article, The barbaric cultural practice of election pronouncements, he looks at how the current Canadian political election has created this barrier between Muslims and Canadians. MacDonalds points out that the ConservativesRead MoreThomas Hobbes And John Locke911 Words   |  4 Pagesand John Locke established many of the founding ideals that contemporary Liberalism is based on. While the shared many similar positions, there are some key distinctions to be made between the arguments Hobbes and Locke make in Leviathan and Second Treatise of Civil Government, respectively. In this paper I will argue the differences between how each of them viewed the right of the subjects to revolt from the sovereign. Thomas Hobbes published his most famous work, Leviathan, during the height ofRead MoreThe Constitution Of The United States Is Considered To1021 Words   |  5 Pagesof the United States is considered to be the supreme law of the land. While this is an accepted truth by most American citizens, the United States government employs a system of dual federalism in which individual states have their own constitutions. While both the individual state constitutions and the United States Constitution are similar in some aspects, they differ sharply other parts. Likely the most striking distinction between the two is when comparing the length of both. State constitutionsRead MoreSocial Welfare Policy Of America1436 Words   |  6 PagesAbramovitz (2014) state that during this period, â€Å"poor people are little more than a drain on the budget and something less than full citizens† (). Calvinism has also affected the way that the modern day working class has been split up and needing constant distinction. The groups generally fall into worthy and unworthy poor, working and nonworking poor, and working poor and underclass. Although the names of the groups are different, it carries the same meaning to the distinction of the working class

The Life Of The Mind By Hannah Arendt - 992 Words

Hannah Arendt presents in her novel, The Life of the Mind, a theory she refers to as the â€Å"two-in-one.† She builds her theory off of a Socratic proposition. Socrates stated that it would be better for a group of men to be out of tune with each other than for him to be out of tune with himself. Here, however, lies a paradox. How can one be out of tune with itself? Arendt states that â€Å"you always need at least two tones to produce a harmonious sound† (183). Yet when you appear to others, you are one, otherwise you would be unrecognizable. But Arendt points out that you do not only appear to others, you also exist and appear for yourself. In doing so, you become more than one. As Arendt paradoxically states, â€Å"A difference is inserted into my Oneness† (183). Arendt’s concept of the two-in-one surrounds the act of thinking. She describes the two-in-one as â€Å"be[ing] itself and at the same time for itself† (185). You are never truly alone because your Oneness divides into two or more entities that, in a sense, converse with each other. We generally consider ourselves alone when we are not in the company of others, yet Arendt argues that our minds are snapped into Oneness again when we are surrounded by other people. Arendt describes this phenomenon, â€Å"Then, when he is called by his name back into the world of appearances, where he is always One, it is as though the two into which the thinking process had split him clapped together again† (185). Arendt admits that thinking is aShow MoreRelatedEssay about Hannah Arendt: Analyzing Judgement in The Life of the Mind 1223 Words   |  5 Pagesfirst obtain an understanding of the background and culture said philosopher was surrounded by. Our minds are malleable; opinions and values are most often shaped by societal norms, political structures, and retrospective assessment of past experiences. This paper will examine judgment as studied by Hannah Arendt while de lving into the political afflictions that likely shaped her conclusions. Hannah Arendt (born 1906) was a prominent political philosopher of her time. Born in Germany and ultimately landingRead MoreHannah Arendts Theory The Banal Evil1492 Words   |  6 Pagesresponsibility and contributing to the rise in obesity is wrong. Hannah Arendt founded the theory â€Å"The banality evil’ through analyzing Adolf Eichmann’s case during the time of the Holocaust. Eichmann and Henderson share similarities of both being ordinary men who influenced large scale harm. The intent of this essay will be to compare and contrast the perception of evil and discuss at which point radical evil may be mistaken for banal evil. Hannah Arendt discovered a concept known as â€Å"The banality of Evil†Read MoreMartin Luther King Jr. Violence Essay1205 Words   |  5 Pagespractice of violence, like all action, changes the world, but the most probable change is to a more violent world† (Arendt pg 80). Violence is contagious, like a disease, which will destroy nations and our morals as human beings. Each individual has his or her own definition of violence and when it is acceptable or ethical to use it. Martin Luther King Jr., Walter Benjamin, and Hannah Arendt are among the many that wrote about the different facets of violence, in what cases it is ethical, the role weRead MoreViolence, Odon Von Horvath And Youth Without God And Hannah Arendts On Violence1698 Words   |  7 Pagescitizens reconcile this bitter truth? Using Hannah Arendt’s â€Å"On Violence,† Odon Von Horvath’s Youth Without God, and Wole Soyinka’s Madmen and Specialists, I will define power and violence and attempt to understand how these concepts are justified in societal change. Hannah Arendt, a German political philosopher of the twentieth century, wrote â€Å"On Violence† to give her own clear definitions to power and violence. These terms are frequently used in tandem, but Arendt claims â€Å"[power] and violence are opposites;Read MoreArendt-Theory of Totalitarianism2308 Words   |  10 PagesHannah Arendt’s Theory of Totalitarianism: Hannah Arendt is widely regarded as one of the most important, unique and influential thinkers of political philosophy in the Twentieth century. Arendt was greatly influenced by her mentor and one time lover, Martin Heidegger, whose phenomenological method would help to greatly shape and frame Arendt’s own thinking. Like Heidegger, Arendt was sceptical of the metaphysical tradition which tended towards abstract conceptual reasoning; ultimately at oddsRead MoreHannah Arendt, Totalitarianism ( New York ; Harcourt, 1976 )1663 Words   |  7 PagesHANNAH ARENDT, TOTALITARIANISM (NEW YORK: HARCOURT, 1976): In Totalitarianism written by Hannah Arendt, the entire world was facing proof of Nazi equipment of dread as well as damage. These revelations of the atrocities were being attained, having a high degree of incredulous investigating in spite of a large entire body of data and also a vast cachà © of registered photographs. The consumer capacity for understanding has been confused, plus the character as well as degree these courses added to surrealRead More Normalizing Thoughtlessness Essay1294 Words   |  6 PagesArendt examined and reflected upon what happens to come too passed such as conditioning and normalizing the activity of rational people regardless of specific situational context, such as a natural condition to man in evildoing. The face of evil portrayal the high-ranking SS official at Eichmann’s trial in Jerusalem is not necessarily that of a radically wicked neurotic mastermind, but comes in the form of a banal and unimpressive distortion of normalcy. Arendt arg ues that the banality of evil isRead MoreThe Human Condition: Contemplation Key to Understanding583 Words   |  3 Pagessimple legislative solution. Americans have forgotten how to think critically. Hannah Arendt places great importance on living a contemplative life, and it is for this reason that her book, The Human Condition, is a worthwhile text. In it, she offers many insights as to what could help to make the American society better, and it is for this reason that she cannot be brushed aside. In the ancient Greek city-state, a life of contemplation was considered to be the highest form of living. PhilosophersRead MoreEssay on The Holocaust: The Concentration Camps1484 Words   |  6 Pagesstimulate the just humanitarian attentions in the later period because the message was only helpful at the surface of discovering the truth. Hannah Arendt states in The Concentration Camps, â€Å"there are numerous such reports by survivors; only a few have been published, partly because, quite understandably, the world wants to hear no more of these thing†(48 Arendt). To those who never went through the Holocaust, the inhabitant’s immediate suffering is uncommunicative eyewitness report. It reminds me ofRead MoreThe And Of The Nazi During The Holocaust1555 Words   |  7 PagesWhen you hear the words Holocaust, Nazi, Hitler, or genocide, your mind immediately thinks they are evil, malicious, unjust, and immoral. You think the people in charge, who commanded the encampme nt and death of millions of Jews are guilty of immorality and murder. Are they though? In Hannah Arendt s book Eichmann in Jerusalem, she discusses Adolf Eichmann one of the highest ranked leaders of the Nazi during the Holocaust. He was behind the ordering of Jews to be taken from their homes and put into

Building shelf management system Free Essays

Introduction to the undertaking Management system means the methods by which an administration programs, operates, and controls its activities to run into its ends and aims by using the resources of money, people, equipment stuffs and information. Management information systems are used by companies to assist maintain them more organized in certain parts of concerns. For illustration, companies use databases as a manner or hive awaying information as it helps them to entree informations more rapidly and remain more organized. We will write a custom essay sample on Building shelf management system or any similar topic only for you Order Now It is better than holding a paper-based system where relevant information can be lost or read falsely. Besides with paper-based systems, they take up a batch of room as you need a topographic point to hive away it all, for illustration, a filing cabinet. The undertaking I have decided to make will affect me analyzing, planing, and implementing a stock database system for warehouse operations in a little concern. In future this database could be used by other little concern companies as good. The company that I have decided to utilize is Biring ‘s News, which I have been working for over 4 old ages. The database will enable the company to pull off their stock that comes in and out of the warehouse. The ground I have chosen to make this company is due to the fact that I have been working at that place for such a long clip. I ‘ve learnt about how the concern itself runs and have seen jobs occur and become resolved or need to be resolved throughout the clip I have been at that place. Biring ‘s News has a concatenation of newsdealers which are based over Kent and London. The proprietors of the concern are ever either opening more stores in new locations or shuting them down in others. It would be utile for the company to hold a system that shows them how the stock is being managed, what is selling good and what is non. Background of the Company Biring ‘s News is owned by Jasbir Biring. They own a concatenation of newsdealers which are located in Kent and London. The stores are all situated within shopping Centres like Bluewater Shopping Centre and Westfield Shopping Centre. They sell a scope of stock such as, Sweets, drinks, magazines, coffin nails and newspapers. Biring ‘s News opened there first store in Lakeside shopping Centre, 1989, which was a great success and led them to open more and subdivision out towards London. In entire, the company has opened up to 8 newsdealers since 1989, some are still running and others have been sold on. At the minute, the company has one chief warehouse where all the stock is kept for all of Mr Biring ‘s stores ; so workers are ever in and out taking what they need when they want. The job with this is that there is no record of good coming in and good coming out, so there is no record of what points are low in stock and what points there are excessively much of. The result of this is that the director has jobs with stock that is non selling really good which leads to him holding excessively much in the warehouse which can besides so go out of day of the month, so he is losing out on money. Another job that would happen is that he may run low on stock that is high in demand ; therefore he will be losing out on gross revenues. The company besides have a concatenation of providers that they use. They use the same provider for magazines and newspapers as they receive that stock automatically on a day-to-day footing. When it comes to buying confectionary, they do non lodge to one provider. They go by which of all time supplier has the best monetary value for whatever they need or if any of them have particular offers. This is besides a job that leads to holding excessively much stock, as they are merely looking at what is on offer and merely buying it, even without detecting that they have plenty of the point in the warehouse. At the minute, the company has no record of what is kept in the warehouse, the lone manner of cognizing what is in the warehouse is by roll uping bills of what has been purchased or by staff advising the director about what is losing in the warehouse. Aim of Project The purpose of the undertaking is to: Write in item what the job is State how the job could be solved State how the system will work and what it is intended to make Identify all the demands for the system Analyse and plan the system that I intend to bring forth Implement the system Make a user usher for the company so that they are able to utilize the system Aim of the Undertaking The aim of the undertaking will enable the company to: Become more organized – they will be able to maintain path of what stock they have, so they wo n’t hold the job off holding excessively small stock or extra stock. Save money – the system will enable the company to salvage money as they will cognize what they have, so they will non purchase stock that is non required. Think of some more aims! ! ! Research Management information systems Management Information Systems can be used to treat informations into utile information. For illustration, it could be a system used to do orders. There are three types of direction information systems which are: Decision Support Systems Information coverage systems Executive information systems Decision Support systems This type of system allows strategic and tactical determinations to be made. Decision support systems are chiefly used to back up the tactical, semi structured determinations that need to be made as portion of the rating and planning of a concern. Executive information systems are targeted at strategic determination devising, which frequently involves unstructured determinations. This type of system is normally created by the terminal user as they are the 1s who normally use it. That manner they know how is works directly off. Examples of where determination support systems are used are to analyze informations and see if there are any tendencies, for case, looking at gross revenues figures over a period of clip. Information coverage systems This type of system helps companies as it produces studies which can assist them to do determinations within the company. For illustration, this type of system would assist Biring ‘s News as you could bring forth studies of what was in stock, so the director would hold an thought on what he needs to buy. There are two types of describing systems which are periodic studies and exclusion studies. Periodic studies are produced merely when required by determination shapers at regular intervals. Examples include a monthly fiscal statement and a hebdomadal gross revenues analysis. Exception studies are produced merely when asked for. This would be utile for Biring ‘s News as the director could easy publish a study out for himself whenever he needed it, for illustration, he would necessitate a transcript of the stock study when he planned to do an order from a provider. Executive information systems Provides senior directors with a system to help them in taking strategic and tactical determinations. Their intent is to analyze, comparison and highlight tendencies to assist regulate the strategic way of the company. They are normally integrated with operational systems, giving directors the installation to ‘drill down ‘ to happen farther information on the job. Off the Shelf package A criterion bing system is purchased from a package seller and installed on computing machines located within an administration. This type of package can be purchased by anyone and can be used to run by 1000s of people. You can buy many types of off the shelf package depending on what field you ‘re working in, for illustration, if you do photo use you could buy package such as Photoshop, which is really popular. With this type of package, it is moderately priced as it is popular. It is utile for smaller companies as they are chiefly capable of being able to make what the company wants. This package is non every bit utile to bigger companies as they prefer to hold package to make precisely what they want. For illustration, off the shelf package may hold characteristics that are non required by the company or they may be losing applications that the company needs. Bespoke package is a better option for much larger companies, as they can hold it produced to their demands. I will be bring forthing a stock database which will fit the demands for a warehouse storage system, so it will be able to be used by other smaller companies. The Waterfall theoretical account The waterfall theoretical account divides a undertaking up into phases. The theoretical accounts show that you should follow each phase in a specific order, as the diagram below indicates. Feasibility Study – This is the phase where the user has to research whether their planned undertaking is executable. The feasibleness is broken down into four stairss: Prepare for feasibleness survey by measuring the range of the undertaking. Define the job ( what should the new system do that the present 1 does non ) . Choose the best feasibleness option from those available ( typically up to five concern options and a similar figure of proficient options ) . Assemble the feasibleness study, including the principle for the selected option. Analysis – this can be broken down into two phases which are the probe of the current environment and concern systems options. Probe of the current environment – this is the most of import out of the two phases. For this, the user will hold made a list of all the demands in the feasibleness survey, so now they will hold to spread out on the demands and do them more elaborate by speaking about how they will be solved. They will besides hold to province what attributes and entities they will necessitate and how they will all be linked in the entity relationship diagram. They will besides hold to take a information theoretical account so they know how they are traveling to finish the undertaking and in what phases. The user will besides hold to set up the purposes and aims of the undertaking. Business system options – this phase comprises two stairss, the aims of which are to hold what the functionality should be. A figure of possible systems solutions for the perceived concern demands are formulated and the impacts and benefits of each will be evaluated. The solution selected will be the one that most closely catches the demands of the concern. The two stairss are: Define concern options Select concern option Design System design means that the developers describe in item how the system will work, what the end products will be and what inputs are needed. Similarly, processs are described and hardware demands defined. Execution This is the phase where you create the system. It should be made right under all the given demands. Care and Testing At this phase the system should be completed and tested to see if it works. A user usher should besides be created so it can state the user how to run and keep the package. Methodology I am traveling to utilize the Waterfall theoretical account to construction my undertaking. I have chosen this because it allows me to research all facets decently before traveling in front and making the system decently. This manner I will non hold the job of burying to add in parts or adding in applications that are non needed. I am traveling to bring forth a stock database system for the company warehouse, which could subsequently be used as an off the shelf bundle by other little warehouse companies. This system will enable the director keep his stock by ever holding a sufficient sum of all his stock. The system will work by holding all the provider information stored on the database. From there the director will be able to entree their web sites and look into what publicities they have and besides compare monetary values to see where he could acquire a better trade. He will besides be able to see all the stock he has in the warehouse. The stock will be shown under their appropriate headers, for illustration, Coke would be stored under drinks. Following to each point of stock, it will province how many of each is stored at the minute. Employee inside informations will besides be stored on the system so that they can entree the system to enter what they had took from the warehouse, so that all the stock de grees are shown right. To bring forth the system I will necessitate the undermentioned information to bring forth the system: Name callings and references of the newsdealers Warehouse inside informations – where it is located What stock is sold in the store What stock is stored in the warehouse ( magazines and newspapers are non stored at that place, is at that place anything else? ) How many providers they use Detailss of providers – what they specialise in selling Detailss of employees ( this is because they all have entree to the warehouse, so the director will necessitate to maintain path of what they are taking ) To happen out all the information I will carry on an interview with the director. Requirements for the system: Employee- Employees must hold their ain user name and watchword to log into the system ; this is to halt any unauthorized entree to the system. They must be able to hold entree to their inside informations so that they can change it if any alterations are needed to be made. They must be able to change the measure degrees of all the stock to maintain it updated. The inside informations that will be required of the employee are their first name, last name, which shop they work in, reference, contact figure. There should besides be a map that enables you to add and edit/delete employees. Supplier – The inside informations that will be required are the name of the provider, the reference, website reference, email reference, phone figure. There should besides be a map that enables the user to add and edit/delete providers. Shop- The inside informations that will be required are the names of the stores, what shopping Centres they are located within, and the reference, which employee works at that place. There should be a map available that allows the user to add and edit/delete stores. Warehouse- The inside informations that will be required for the warehouse is the warehouse figure, the reference, what is stored at that place. Stock- The inside informations that will be required is the name of everything that is sold in the store, for illustration, Sweets, magazines, coffin nails, etc. Besides you will necessitate to cognize the measure of it that is stored in the warehouse. There should be a map available that allows the user to add and edit/delete stock, either when they proprietor decides to halt selling it or when a new point is released in the market. Hazard Analysis Resources The package that I am traveling to utilize to make the information system is Microsoft Access. Microsoft Access is a Relational Database Management system. It is a really popular database system and it is easy to utilize. Microsoft Access database contains a figure of different applications ; some of them are table ‘s questions, signifiers, studies, macros and so on. Tables – these are used for informations storage. The tabular arraies are presented in rows and columns to the user so that they can input at that place informations. The tabular array is shown in a similar manner to a spreadsheet format as all the gridlines are seeable. Questions – they gather certain information from different tabular arraies and expose them all on one screen. Using a question you can alter the order of records ( screening ) , retrieve single records or groups of records ( seeking and filtrating ) , count, amount, norm, and otherwise summarize informations values ( collection ) and compute new values from values held in the tabular array ( computation ) . Forms – this allows information from tabular arraies to be displayed in a more professional manner. With signifiers you are able to add in images as you ca n’t infix them into tabular arraies. Reports- studies are used for showing information in different formats. They can besides incorporate images and graphs. Mentions Bocij, P, Chaffey, D, Greasley, A, Hickie S. ( 2006 ) Business Information Systems Prentice Hall, Pearson instruction. Chapters 6 A ; 7 Boddy, D, Boonstra, A, Kennedy, G ( 2002 ) Pull offing Information Systems Prentice Hall, Pearson instruction. Chapter 1 Dowling, N ( 1998 ) Database Design and Management utilizing Access Letts. Great Britain. Chapter 1 Glanss, T, Grad, B, Holstein, D, Meyers, W, Schmidt, R ( 1968 ) Management Systems United States of America. Chapter 1 Bibliography The hired Institute for IT. Retrieved on: 12/10/09, from the World Wide Web: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.bcs.org/server.php? show=ConWebDoc.2767 Hero Solutions. Retrieved on: 12/10/09, from the World Wide Web: hypertext transfer protocol: //www.hero-solutions.co.uk/articles/bespokevsofftheshelf.asp Microsoft Office Online. Retrieved on: 13/10/09, from the World Wide Web: hypertext transfer protocol: //office.microsoft.com/en-us/access/HA101656301033.aspx Microsoft Office Online. Retrieved on: 13/10/09, from the World Wide Web: hypertext transfer protocol: //office.microsoft.com/en-us/access/HA101650211033.aspx How to cite Building shelf management system, Essay examples

Ethical Issue in Healthcare-Free-Samples-Myassignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Ethical Issues in Healthcare. Answer: Individuals with alcohol-related end-stage liver disease should be given lower priority for liver transplants compared to those who develop end-stage liver disease from other factors (congenital biliary disease, congenital polycystic liver disease). Thesis Statement The selection process of prospective cancer patients for the transplant should be based on the parameters of disease chronicity and not over the social preferences, gender, race, sexual orientation or ethnicity preference. Description of the ethical issue Two conflicting ethical principle that comes under consideration in this case is beneficence and non-malfeasance (Mikesell, Bromley Khodyakov, 2013). The principal of beneficence (doing good) stands for the proposition that it is the duty of the healthcare professionals to do good for their patients. This is regarded as the foundational principle of medical science which finds its roots in Hippocrates. The act of beneficence is often co-related with the term non-malfeasance which relates with the Hippocratic duty of do not harm. The dichotomy in between these two ethical principles leads to the foundation of the benefit/risk analysis (Bastable, 2003). In this case individuals with alcohol related end stage liver disease may remain at a high risk of fatal threat as he or she might indulge in alcohol consumption even after the liver transplant thus making the entire strenuous liver transplant process futile (Lucey, 2014; Addolorato et al., 2013). In order to make good use of the liver , it is better to transplant the same to the end-stage liver disease patients with congenital polycystic liver disease or congenital biliary disease. However, this negligence of the alcohol intoxicated patients in terms potential selection for liver transplant goes against the ethical rule of non-malfeasance which vouch for do not harm. Because giving preference of congenital end stage liver cancer patients over alcohol intoxicated patients in liver transplant may in turn harm the alcohol intoxicated end stage liver cancer patients (Mikesell, Bromley Khodyakov, 2013). Importance of Ethical Issues The ethical issue is important both from the perspectives of a healthcare professionals and the patients. From the perspective of the health care professionals it can be said that the concept of non-malfeasance is the ethical fabric or legal determinants the covers both negligence and malpractice. Any form of negligence is characterised as lack of observance of the professional code of conduct (Bastable, 2003). From the perspective of the patients it can be said that it is the duty of the healthcare professionals to do justice while procuring healthcare (Bastable, 2003). Here justice means equal distribution of healthcare services. So it is the ethical right of both the alcohol-related end stage patients and congenital biliary related end-stage patient to receive equal level of quality care when it comes for liver transplant. Race, gender, sexual orientation etc and their relevance on ethical issue Provision in quality care is the prime focus in the health care practise that deals with equality in healthcare, thus going with the ethical duty of justice. Thus during the process of liver transplant among the end stage cancer patient, the selection process should be based on the parameter of disease chronicity and not over the social preferences, gender, race, sexual orientation or ethnicity preference. In majority of the cases, the alcoholic patients are looked down upon or are socially excluded and hence giving rise to the stigma of discrimination. However, this goes both against the ethical principle of egalitarianism/ justice for all and professional code of conduct for Canadian nurses that supports fairness in health care approach (Canadian Nursing Association, 2017). Addressing the Issue The end stage liver cancer patients should be given preference in terms of liver transplant based on the mortality and morbidity chances. Moreover, according to the reports published by Addolorato et al., (2013), presence of Alcohol Addiction Unit (AAU), inside the liver transplant centre helps in the reduction of the threat of the alcohol recidivism after the process of liver transplant. References Addolorato, G., Mirijello, A., Leggio, L., Ferrulli, A., D'angelo, C., Vassallo, G., ... Gasbarrini, A. (2013). Liver transplantation in alcoholic patients: impact of an alcohol addiction unit within a liver transplant center.Alcoholism: Clinical and Experimental Research,37(9), 1601-1608. Bastable, S. B. (2003).Nurse as educator: Principles of teaching and learning for nursing practice. Jones Bartlett Learning. Code of Ethics For Registered Nurses. (2017).Cna-aiic.ca. Retrieved 26 February 2018, from https://www.cna-aiic.ca/~/media/cna/page-content/pdf-en/code-of-ethics-2017-edition-secure-interactive.pdf?la=en Lucey, M. R. (2014). Liver transplantation for alcoholic liver disease.Nature Reviews Gastroenterology and Hepatology,11(5), 300. Mikesell, L., Bromley, E., Khodyakov, D. (2013). Ethical community-engaged research: a literature review.American journal of public health,103(12), e7-e14.